• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for detecting rail deformations with at least one measuring element (2), such as a strain gauge, wherein two base plates (1) detachably fixedly connected to a rail (3) are provided, and wherein the at least one measuring element has two ends, the first one End firmly connected to the first base plate and the second end is firmly connected to the other base plate.
    公开号:AT516459A1
    申请号:T787/2014
    申请日:2014-10-27
    公开日:2016-05-15
    发明作者:Walter Ing Weilinger；Dietmar Ddipl Ing Maicz
    申请人:Hottinger Messtechnik Baldwin；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for detecting rail deformations with at least one measuring element, such as a strain transducer.
    It is known in the art to attach strain gauges to rails, such as the rails of a rail track for passenger and freight trains, to measure their deformations as the vehicles pass over. From the respective rail deformation, numerous insights and parameters can be determined about the trains, individual wagons or the condition of the rails. EP 1 521 072 A1 teaches a method for detecting forces of elastic deformations of at least one rail and a superstructure. Something similar teaches the US 4,702,104. In both disclosures, measuring elements for determining the rail elongation and rail deformation are attached directly to the rail head, to the rail web or to the rail foot. The disadvantage here is that to ensure accurate measurement, the respective measuring elements must be firmly connected to the rail. This usually holes or gluing are required.
    The invention aims to provide a device as mentioned above, in which rail deformations can be measured in a simple manner, without resulting in a permanent engagement on the rail itself. The invention should be inexpensive to produce and based on known measurement methods. The device according to the invention achieves this by providing two base plates detachably fixed to the rail, and wherein the at least one measuring element has two ends, the first end of which is fixedly connected to the first base plate and the second end of which is firmly connected to the other base plate.
    A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the base plates seen from a rail vehicle extend below and laterally of a rail foot and can be clamped to the rail by means resting on the rail and connected to the base plates by screws clamping plates.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the surfaces of the base plates which rest on the surface of the rail foot, roughened, and / or they have a corrugation.
    To further embodiment of the invention, one or both base plates each have at least one threaded pin, through which a clamping of the base plate on the sides of the rail foot can be effected.
    In one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that the at least one strain transducer is designed as a substantially band-shaped element.
    A preferred embodiment of the device is characterized in that the at least one measuring element consists of a strain gauge, which is applied to a carrier piece, wherein the ends of the carrier piece are connected to the base plates.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the device has two or more measuring elements.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. 1 and 2 are perspective views of the device according to the invention together with a rail segment, FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the device, FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the device, and FIG. 5 is a schematic front view.
    For the purpose of the highest possible measuring accuracy measuring elements are applied directly to the rail to determine a rail deformation. Any other mechanical elements between the measuring sensor and the rail were previously regarded in the art as factors that would reduce the accuracy of measurement. In order to still be able to measure rail deformations and at the same time do not have to make any interventions on the rail itself, the invention proposes a hitherto perceived as impracticable way. In this case, according to FIG. 1, measuring elements 2 are connected to the rail 3 via a frame consisting of two base plates 1 and associated clamping plates 5. The fixed connection between measuring elements 2 and base plates 1 and between the base plates 1 and the rail 3 effects a measurability of the desired parameters on the rail 3. Although the measuring accuracy is lower compared to the systems known in the prior art, the device according to the invention offers the advantage that it can be quickly and easily mounted on the rail 3, for example, for a only temporarily required measurement and is also removable again. In addition, the device, apart from the known in the prior art strain transducers 2, completed with simple mechanical elements and thus inexpensive to manufacture. It can therefore also be used if the costs of the entire measuring system are more important than the measuring accuracy itself.
    By two base plates 1, which rest on the underside of the rail foot 4 of the rail 3 and extend in a U-shape around the rail 4 and around which are firmly pressed by means of clamping plates 5 on the rail 4, two areas are generated, resulting in deformation of the Remove rail from each other or approach each other. These areas serve as fixed points, between which a measuring element 2 (for example, designed as a strain or displacement transducer) sits, which detects the change in length (elongation) between the two fixed points. For the measuring element 2 is firmly connected to the corresponding areas of the base plate 1. According to FIG. 1, this takes place laterally next to the rail foot 4. According to FIG. 2, it can be seen that three measuring elements 2 are provided, wherein two are located next to the rail foot 4 and one below the rail foot 4. The spatial directions "top" and "below" refer to the perspective of a standing on a rail 3 rail vehicle from the usual perspective.
    The measuring elements 2 are, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, designed as a band-shaped element, i. their length between the two areas, with which they are fixed to the base plates 1, exceeds their width, and both dimensions clearly exceed the strength of the strain gauge 2. In this regard, Figs. 1 to 5 are not only schematic but also true to scale consider. Thus, the measuring elements 2 on a first and a second end, which are fixedly connected to one of the two base plates 1 by screwing. Other types of connection, such as by spring pressure, integration of functionality in base plates or the like, are also conceivable. In the base plates 1 threaded holes are provided, in which the screws 6 of the clamping plates 5 are screw-bar. In cross-section, the clamping plates 5 according to FIG. 5 on their undersides at least one web 5 ', by which they rest tiltably on the base plates 1 or on the rail 4 and cause by tightening the screws 6 the required contact pressure of the base plate 1 on rail 4 , To make this possible properly, the clamping plates have 5 holes with sufficient clearance for the screws 6.
    In another embodiment variant, the base plate 1 (fixed points) and measuring elements 2 can also be manufactured in an inseparable unit.
    To increase the friction, the surfaces of the base plates 1, which rest on the underside of the rail foot 4, roughened or have a corrugation. The corresponding surface texture is shown in Fig. 4 as a black surface on the base plates 1.
    The horizontal securing of a fixed connection between base plate 1 and rail foot 4 can be generated by using a further screwing of the base plates 1 to the sides of the rail foot 4. The screw can be designed as a threaded pin 7 according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, wherein the end of the screw presses directly on the rail 4 and thus a clamping force acting perpendicular to the clamping force by the clamping plates 5, causes. The threaded pin 7 may be provided in only one base plate 1 or in both base plates 1.
    In the embodiment described here, in each case a strain gauge 10 is applied to a support piece 9, which in turn is screwed firmly to the base plates 1. It will be formed by measuring elements 2, which are arranged on the base plates 1, that they measure perpendicular forces. As a strain gauge 10 may alternatively serve an optical, fiber optic, capacitive, inductive or piezoelectric measuring element, which is able to measure the small change in length between the two fixed points. Measuring devices based on other methods are also possible. Measured are vertical and horizontal strains, from which the dynamic wheel force in the vertical and horizontal direction and the wheel contact point can be determined, as well as further measures between wheel and rail, from which in turn derived quantities, such as axle load, vehicle weight, stability factor Y / Q ratio, starting angle , Radverformungen or rail deformations can be calculated.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Device for detecting rail deformations with at least one measuring element, such as a Dehnungsaufnehmer, characterized in that two on a rail (3) releasably firmly connectable base plates (1) are provided, and wherein the at least one measuring element (2) two Having ends whose first end is fixedly connected to the first base plate (1) and whose second end is fixedly connected to the other base plate (1).
    [2]
    2. A device for detecting rail deformations according to claim 1, characterized in that the base plates (1) seen from a rail vehicle below and laterally of a rail foot (4) and on the rail foot (4) resting on the rail foot (4) and with the base plates (1) by clamping screws (6) connected clamping plates (5) are clamped and thus the stresses caused by the horizontal and vertical forces can be determined.
    [3]
    3. A device for detecting rail deformations according to claim 2, characterized in that the surfaces of the base plates 1, which rest on the surface of the rail foot 4, are roughened and / or have a corrugation.
    [4]
    4. A device for detecting rail deformations according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that one or both base plates (1) each have at least one threaded pin (7) through which a clamping of the base plate (1) on the sides of the rail foot (4). is feasible.
    [5]
    5. Device for detecting rail deformations according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one measuring element (2) is designed as a substantially band-shaped extensometer.
    [6]
    6. A device for detecting rail deformations according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one measuring element (2) consists of a strain gauge (10) which is applied to a support piece (9), wherein the ends of the support piece ( 9) are connected to the base plates (1).
    [7]
    7. Device for detecting rail deformations according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the device comprises two or more measuring elements (2).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3015339A1|2016-05-04|
    AT516459B1|2016-12-15|
    EP3015339B1|2017-02-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4526039A|1983-06-23|1985-07-02|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Transportation|Removable strain gauge fixture and method for measuring accumulated strain in a material|
    WO2003037695A1|2001-10-28|2003-05-08|Siegfried Pieper|Device for detecting rail movement|
    US20030089530A1|2001-11-13|2003-05-15|Alan Paine|Method and apparatus for weighing railroad cars|
    SE453984B|1984-08-14|1988-03-21|Karl Rune Soren Hallberg|PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING WHEELS WITH DAMAGED LOPYTOR BY RAILWAY VEHICLE|
    AT500769B1|2003-10-02|2007-02-15|Oebb Infrastruktur Bau Ag|METHOD FOR DETECTING STRENGTHS OF ELASTIC DEFORMATION IN AT LEAST ONE RAIL AND ONE SURFACE|DE102017115221A1|2017-07-07|2019-01-10|PINTSCH TIEFENBACH GmbH|Device for fastening a rail switch to a rail|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA787/2014A|AT516459B1|2014-10-27|2014-10-27|Device for detecting rail deformations|ATA787/2014A| AT516459B1|2014-10-27|2014-10-27|Device for detecting rail deformations|
    EP15003064.1A| EP3015339B1|2014-10-27|2015-10-27|Device for detecting rail deformations|
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